英文法の要点：動詞 ing と to + 動詞 の使い分け
gerund（動名詞）とinfinitive（不定詞）の使い分けが出来ていますか？ブログの主な例を参考に違いを覚えましょう。
Some verbs can be followed by a gerund (-ing verb) or an infinitive (to + verb). For instance, these sentences are both grammatically correct: "Remember to study", and "Remember studying." However, the meanings are quite different.
Here are 12 of the most common of these verbs:
| stop |
remember |
forget |
regret |
| try |
mean |
go on |
dread |
| need |
want |
hate |
like |
Let's investigate each one. Some of the meanings are clear and don't need explanation. Others may be confusing, so I have added short explanations where necessary.
1. Stop
| STOP doing |
|---|
End an activity.
|
| Mike stopped smoking last month. |
(Mike doesn’t smoke anymore.) |
|
I stopped going to that restaurant because the prices were ridiculous.
|
(I don’t go to that restaurant anymore.)
|
| STOP to do |
|---|
Stop one activity and then do something else.
|
| I stopped to buy some petrol at the filling station. |
(I was driving, then I stopped and bought petrol.)
|
| She stopped to look at something in a shop window. |
(She was walking along the street, then she stopped and looked in the shop window.) |
2. Remember
| REMEMBER doing |
|---|
Remember something that you did before.
|
| I remember meeting him at a party in London. |
(I met him in the past, and now I remember it.) |
| Where are my keys? I remember putting them on top of the microwave. |
(I put the keys there before, and now I remember it.) |
| REMEMBER to do |
|---|
Remember and then do something.
|
| Don't worry. I remembered to turn off the cooker before we left the house. |
(I remembered, and then I turned off the cooker.) |
| Did you remember to phone for a taxi? |
(Did you remember, and then phone for a taxi?) |
3. Forget
| FORGET doing |
|---|
Forget something that you did in the past.
|
| I’d forgotten telling you that piece of news, but if you say I did, I must have! |
(I told you that piece of news, then I forgot that I had told you.) |
| I'll never forget travelling by plane for the first time. |
(I travelled by plane sometime before, and now I won’t forget it.) |
| She can’t forget trying snails for the first time. |
(She tried snails in the past, and she can’t forget the experience) |
| FORGET to do |
|---|
Forget, and as a result not do something.
|
| Oh, no! I forgot to phone Tom and tell him I can't meet him tonight. |
(I was supposed to phone Tom, but then I forgot so I didn’t phone him.) |
| You forgot to pay the electricity bill, and now they’ve cut us off. |
(You were supposed to pay the electricity bill, but you forgot and didn’t do it.) |
4. Regret
| REGRET doing |
|---|
Be sorry about something you did in the past.
|
| I regret spending all my money yesterday. Now I can't afford to go out tonight. |
(I’m sorry I spent all my money yesterday.) |
| I really regret taking this job. |
(I’m really sorry that I took this job.) |
| REGRET to do |
|---|
Be sorry about something you are about to do.
|
| I regret to say that your job application has been unsuccessful. |
(I’m sorry to say this, but your job application has been unsuccessful.) |
| British Airways regrets to announce a delay in the departure of flight BA007 to Calcutta. |
(British Airways is sorry to announce the fact that there is a delay in the departure of flight BA007 to Calcutta.) |
5. Try
| TRY doing |
|---|
Do something as an experiment. The action is possible but the result is unknown.
|
| It's hot in here. Let’s try opening a window and see if it makes any difference. |
(It’s possible to open a window, so we’ll do that as an experiment.) |
| If your coffee is bitter, try putting more milk in it. |
(Put more milk in, which is easy to do, then see what the result is.) |
| TRY to do |
|---|
Make an attempt—do one's best. It is not certain whether the action is actually possible or not.
|
| I've left my house key inside so I'll have to try to open one of the windows. |
(I’m not sure if I can open a window, but I’ll attempt to do so.) |
| Tony’s going to try to put 6 hardboiled eggs into his mouth to set a new world record. |
(Tony’s not sure if he can actually put 6 eggs into his mouth, but he’s going to attempt it.)
|
6. Mean
| MEAN doing |
|---|
Involve; require.
|
| I won't take the job if it means moving away from my family. |
(I won't take the job if it requires me to move away from my family.) |
| Flying from here to Bali means changing planes twice. |
(Flying from here to Bali requires you to change planes twice.) |
| MEAN to do |
|---|
Intend to do.
|
| I mean to study hard and pass all my exams. |
(I intend to study hard and pass all my exams.) |
| The company means to implement cost-cutting measures as of the next quarter. |
(The company intends to implement cost-cutting measures as of the next quarter. |
7. Go on
| GO ON doing |
|---|
Continue doing the same thing, longer than expected.
|
| Janet went on working all afternoon. |
(Janet continued working all afternoon.) |
| The guy at the party went on talking about his hobby for nearly an hour. |
(The guy at the party continued talking about his hobby for nearly an hour.)
|
| GO ON to do |
|---|
Finish doing one activity, and then start to do something else.
|
| She finished painting the house then went on to repair the garage window. |
(She finished painting the house then, later, repaired the garage window.) |
| Professor Smith described the causes of WW1 then went on to talk about the consequences. |
(Professor Smith described the causes of WW1, then, continuing her lecture, spoke about the consequences.) |
8. Dread
| DREAD doing |
|---|
Be scared of doing something.
|
| She really dreads going to the dentist. It makes her very anxious. |
(She is really scared of going to the dentist. It makes her very anxious.)
|
| I used to dread getting my school report at the end of each term. |
(I used to be terrified of getting my school report at the end of each term.) |
| DREAD to do |
|---|
Not want to do something.
|
| I dread to think what the boss is going to say when she finds out what you have done. |
(I absolutely do not want to think about what the boss is going to say when she finds out what you have done.)
|
| Nigel dreaded to imagine how his mother would react on hearing the bad news. |
(Nigel really did not want to imagine how his mother would react on hearing the bad news.) |
9. Need
| NEED doing |
|---|
Needs to be done—passive meaning.
|
| The oil in my car really needs checking. |
(The oil in my car really needs to be checked.) |
| I think our garage door needs replacing. |
(I think our garage door needs to be replaced.) |
| NEED to do |
|---|
Have a necessity to do something—active meaning.
|
| I really need to check the oil in my car. |
(I definitely have to check the oil in my car.) |
| We need to replace our garage door. |
(We definitely have to replace our garage door.) |
10. Want
| WANT doing |
|---|
Need to be done—passive meaning.
|
| These windows want cleaning—they're filthy. |
(These windows need to be cleaned.) |
I have some shoes that want repairing.
|
(I have some shoes that need to be repaired.)
|
| WANT to do |
|---|
Would like to do—active meaning.
|
| I want to leave early tomorrow morning as I have an important meeting. |
(I would like to leave early tomorrow morning as I have an important meeting.) |
| Do you want to book a taxi to the airport tomorrow? |
(Would you like to book a taxi to the airport tomorrow?) |
11. Hate
| HATE doing |
|---|
Dislike very much.
|
| I hate arriving late for appointments. |
(I intensely dislike arriving late for appointments.) |
Beryl really hates waking up early.
|
(Beryl really, really doesn't like waking up early.)
|
| HATE to do |
|---|
a) Dislike very much.
|
| I hate to arrive late for interviews. |
(I really dislike arriving late for interviews.) |
| Most people hate to wait in long queues. |
(Most people really do not like to wait in long queues.) |
b) Be sorry about what you are going to say or do because you think it is unpleasant or not correct to do.
|
| I hate to interrupt, but I need to speak to you for a second. |
(I know it's not correct to interrupt, and I don't want to, but I need to speak to you for a second) |
| I hate to say it, but I’m pretty sure this plan won’t work. |
(I know this isn't a pleasant thing to say, but I’m pretty sure this plan won’t work.) |
12. Like
| LIKE doing |
|---|
Enjoy doing.
|
| Mary likes sitting in the garden on a summer day. |
(Mary enjoys sitting in the garden on a summer day.)
|
| I like going to the zoo. |
(I enjoy going to the zoo.) |
| LIKE to do |
|---|
a) Enjoy doing (especially in American English).
|
| We like to visit galleries while we are on holiday. |
(We enjoy visiting galleries while we are on holiday.)
|
| Who likes to work at the weekend? |
(Who enjoys working at the weekend?) |
b) Think it correct or wise / Choose to / Be in the habit of.
|
| I like to go to the dentist twice a year for a check-up. |
(I don't enjoy going to the dentist, but I think it's wise to go twice a year for a check-up.) |
| Frank likes to work on his accounts on Sunday mornings. |
(Frank doesn't enjoy working on his accounts, but he has to, so he chooses to do it on Sunday mornings.) |
It may be useful to bookmark this page and refer back to it as necessary. Try to review this grammar point tomorrow, and remember to be careful with these verbs!
The English Farm is releasing new grammar guides regularly, so check back soon.
